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Gaëtan Henri Alfred Edouard Léon Marie Gatian de Clérambault (2 July 1872 – 17 November 1934) was a French psychiatrist. == Career == De Clérambault gained his thesis in 1899, later becoming an assistant physician at the special infirmary for the insane, Prefecture de Police (1905). From 1920 onward, he was head of this institution.〔(''Gaétan Henri Alfred Edouard Léon Marie Gatian de Clérambault'' ) at Who Named It〕 Apart from his psychiatric studies, he was an acclaimed painter and wrote on the costumes of various native tribes.〔 He was also a professional photographer, from 1914 to 1918 he took around 30,000 photographs, some of the photos taken as part of a research project involving symptoms of hysteria. Many of his photos were later placed in the Musée de l'Homme. For a period of time, Clérambault conducted classes on the art of draped costumes at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris.〔(Gaétan Gatian de Clérambault, 1872–1934 – psychiatry in pictures ) Vladimir Lerner, MD, PhD and Eliezer Witztum, MD〕 For his actions during World War I, de Clérambault was awarded with a cross of the Légion d'Honneur as well as the Croix de guerre.〔(Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault ) at Cgh-b PagesPerso (biography in French)〕 He committed suicide by firearm on 17 November 1934 in Malakoff, a commune southwest of Paris.〔(Editions MF ) Revue Française de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale (September 2005)〕 Famously, the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan attributed his 'entry into psychoanalysis' as largely due to the influence of de Clérambault, whom he regarded as his 'only master in psychiatry'. Eugène Minkowski and Henri Ey were also deeply influenced by Clérambault's work in psychiatry.〔(Phenomenology World Wide: Foundations - Expanding Dynamics ) edited by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka〕 In 1942, one of his former pupils, Jean Fretet, published two volumes of Clérambault’s works with the title "''Oeuvre Psychiatrique''". Clérambault’s life and art are depicted in the film "Cry of Silk" (1996).〔 He is credited with introducing the term "psychological (mental) automatism", proposing that the mechanism of mental automatism could be blamed for hallucinatory experiences. He divided mental automatisms into three types: associative, motor and sensitive.〔 He considered the mental automatism to be the primary process of psychosis while the delusional state was to be regarded as secondary.〔(Sexual Ambiguities ) edited by Genevieve Morel〕 Clérambault is also credited with describing and cataloguing individual automatisms — there are considered to be around eighty distinct automatisms.〔(Mental Automatisms ) A conceptual history into psychosis〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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